In the automobile braking system, brake pads, as key components, directly affect driving safety and braking performance. With the advancement of materials science, the materials of brake pads are constantly upgraded to meet the needs of different driving scenarios. At present, the mainstream brake pad materials on the market can be divided into four categories: asbestos-based, semi-metallic, ceramic and Organiska kompositmaterial .
Asbest-baserade bromsbelägg var en gång allmänt använda material under de första dagarna och gynnades på grund av deras låga kostnader och stabila friktionskoefficient . Men asbestfibrer är skadliga för människors hälsa, och långvarig inhalation kan orsaka sjukdomar som lungcancer, så de har varit förbjudna i de flesta länder runt om i världen. Material .
Semi-metallic brake pads are currently one of the most widely used ones, mainly composed of steel fibers, copper powder and other fillers. This type of material has excellent heat dissipation performance and is suitable for high-performance vehicles and frequent braking scenarios. Its disadvantage is that it may generate noise during braking and cause greater wear on the brake skiva . Semi-metalliska bromsbelägg är kostnadseffektiva, så de har fortfarande en viktig position i kommersiella fordon och vissa personbilar .
Ceramic brake pads have gradually become the first choice for high-end models in recent years. Its main components include ceramic fiber, mineral fiber and a small amount of metal, which are characterized by high temperature resistance, low noise and low dust. The friction coefficient of ceramic material is stable, which causes less damage to the brake disc and prolongs the service life of the brake system. Emellertid är tillverkningskostnaden hög och priset är relativt dyrt . Det används mest i lyxbilar eller fordon med höga krav för bromsning .
Organic composite brake pads are an environmentally friendly choice, mainly made of non-metallic materials such as rubber, resin and fiber. This type of brake pad has low noise and less dust during braking, which is friendly to the environment, but its high temperature resistance is weak, which is suitable for low-intensity braking scenarios such as urban commuting. With the increasingly stringent environmental regulations, the research och utveckling och applicering av organiska bromsbelägg expanderar gradvis .
Brake pads of different materials have their own advantages and disadvantages. Consumers can choose suitable products according to driving habits, vehicle types and usage environments. In the future, with the breakthrough of new material technology, the performance of brake pads will be further improved, providing more reliable protection for driving safety.
